Repeatedly ignitible match



Sept. 21, 1937. I z. FGLDI ET AL REPEATEDLY IGNITIBLE MATCH Original Filed Jan. 5, 1933 6 5%W M 7 5w Patented Sept. 2 1, 1937 BEPEATEDLYIGNITIBLE MATCH Zoltn Fiildi and Bead Kdnlg, Budapest, Hun- I lary,assignors to Svenska 'llindsticks Aktiebolaget, Jonkoping, Sweden, alimited com pany of Sweden Application January 5, 1933, M1 No. 650,328.

Renewed December 12, 1936. In Hungary Jan- This invention relates torepeatedly ignitible matches.

Such repeatedly ignitible matches are known which consist of acombustible rod or stick in 5 which an igniting mixture is dispersed,the lat-- ter being a mixture of an oxygen supplying compound, forexample, potassium chlorate and a deflagrating substance. In the presentspecification, deflagrating substances mean such solid combustiblematerials; whose mixture with a sufficient quantity of an oxygensupplying substance, as for example chlorate of alkali, is explosive orignitible by friction. Such defiagrating substances are for examplesulphur, benzoyl peroxide, antimony sulphide. The necessity forintroducing such an igniting mixture makes the production of the matchesdangerous. Further, if the sticks contain enough igniting mixture toprocure-easy ignition by friction, the speed of combustion of the stickbecomes too high for practical purposes and it becomes difficult toextinguish. For this reason, hitherto the quantity of igniting mixturehas been reduced so far that the stick when cold could not or could onlywith great dimculty be ignited by friction,'so that ignition by rubbingcould only be eflected if the stick was heated or was still warm from aprevious ignition.

According to the invention the above drawbacks are avoided by entirelyexcluding deflagrating substances and using for the ignition an oxygensupplying compound, for example chlorate of alkali and for themaintenance of the combustion a combustible material of low burningvelocity and of a gasifying temperature gen supplying compound. Burningvelocity v means the velocity, with which a strip of combustible ignitedat one end is consumed in air.

40 Substances like nitrocellulose or celluloid are of below thedecomposing temperature of the oxy-.

7 Claims. 01. 44-4 a solid organic compound of a low burning velocity,such as naphthalene, camphor, camphorquinone, dimethyloxamide,polyoxymethylene, hexamethylenetetramineor metaldehyde.

As oxygen supplying ,compounds, chlorates, 5 perchlorates or bromatesmay be used. Sodium chlorate is preferred. Potassium chlorate, however,may be used too, but generally a higher percentage of the latter isnecessary than of sodium chlorate. The quantity of chlorate re- 10quired depends on the combustible materials used in the igniting pieceof the match. But generally a quantity of more than 45% is required. Asperchlorates can: be substituted in part for I the chlorates, it is tobe understood that. the 1| term chlorates" includes a mixture ofchlorates and perchlorates too. I

In order to obtain an absolutely reliable result it is preferred toincrease the chlorate con-' tent so that the concentration of chlorateis at 20 least'50 per cent, in the igniting part of the match.

Preferably catalysts promoting the decomposition or the activity of thechlorates such as oxides or salts of metals of the second and third, 25analytical groups of the periodic table, for ex- I ample, (CuzOiPbOa,FeaOa, F8304) etc., are added to the chlorates. (By the term "secondanalytical group we mean the metals Hg, Pb, Bi, Cu, Cd, As, Sb,'and Sn,and by the term "third analytical group the metals Al, Cr, Ti, Fe, U,Ni, Co, Zn, and Mn (see Treadwell, "Analytische Chemie, 1911, 2nd part,pages 71 and 139).)

Preferably, the bulk of or the whole combustible basic mass of the matchconsists of combustible materials which burn slowly and gasiiysubstantially belowthe temperature of decomposition of the oxygensupplying compound, especially a chlorate, because such combustiblematerials will cool the burning end of the match to such an extent thatin spite of the high content of chlorate, the burning match may beextinguished by blowing. As combustible materials with such a coolingeffect, naphthalene, eamphor-quinone, camphor, dimethyloxamide,poiyoxymethylene (Ch-:0) n, metaldehyde, and the like are preferablyused. These compounds begin to vaporize or gasify below 250 C., at orabove which temperature the oxygen supplying compound, for examplesodium chlorate begins to decompose.

the combustible material lies very near to or even above the temperatureof decomposition of the oxygen supplying compound, as is the case, forexample, with hexamethylenetetramine, stearic acid, parafiine or copal,the required cooling can be obtained by the addition of the substancesabove mentioned, such as naphthaline, etc.

As it has been found unexpectedly as a striking advantage, that the highcontent of oxygen supplying compound maybe restricted to those parts cfthe match which come into contact with the rubbing surface on ignition,the high content of oxygen-developing compound is restricted only tozones of the match, which extend over the whole of its length, but arerestricted to'a fraction of its cross sectional area.

In the drawing several examples of such matches are shown.

mg. 1 is a longitudinal section of a match according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the cylindrical part of -the match inFig. 1 thereof and Figures 3-6 are transverse sections of thecylindrical part of different modifications of the match.

According to Figures 1 and 2, the core 2 containing all or the bulk ofthe oxygen supplying compound is axially embedded in the part I containing the bulk of the combustible material. 5 is a protective film, ofcellophane. It is to be seen, that the mass or the core 2 is less thanone half of the total mass of the match. This is the preferredembodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 shows the use of a core of lentiform cross section.

Fig. 4 shows a match with three constituting pieces, viz.: an inner core2 containing the oxygen supplying compound, a tubular embedding part 4and an outer embedding part 1, parts 4 and I being both combustiblemasses but of different composition.

Figures 5 and 6 show other variations of cores 2 embedded in combustiblemasses I.

By restricting the oxygen supplying compound to one core or a pluralityof cores arranged in the match, a very high concentration of oxygensupplying compound securing easy ignition can be used without impedingin the least the easy extinction of the match by blowing. At the sametime, even with the most favourable high concentration ofoxygen-developing compound, such as chlorate of alkali in the core, thetotal chlorate content of the whole match is substantially lower thanwould be the case ii the chlorate had to be uniformly distributedthroughout the whole mass of the match in a percentage necessary toensure easy ignition.

The piece of the match containing the oxygen supplying compound maycontain, in addition, a quantity of a combustible material suilicienteither to produce a temporary flame when struck on phosphorous surfaces,or to keep the said flame burning even without aid of the combustiblemantle substance in which the said zone is embedded. Preferably the partcontaining the oxygen supplying substance should be poor in combustiblematerial, so that alone it could produce either no flame at all or onlya flame of very short life when ignited by rubbing. nevertheless anunexpectedly useful igniting match if used as a core embedded in amantle consisting of combustible material of a low gasificationtemperature.

The core having a high chlorate concentration It forms must, after eachextinction of the match, protrude slightly from the combustibleembedding material. The core containing the chlorate is, however, veryliable to burn into the embedding material, so that after extinction,the chlorate will be located at the bottom of a crater-shaped cavity,which will prevent the next ignition. This drawback may be eliminated bythe addition of materials to the core, which, besides being of lowburning velocity, are gasified far below the temperature ofdecomposition of the chlorate, such as naphthaline, methyloxamide,metaldehyde, etc., and by the addition of binding agents, which retainat least part of their binding capacity at the temperature ofdecomposition of the chlorate, such' as acetyl cellulose. r

The core containing the oxygen supplying substance may contain furtheradditions too, such as glass powder or fine sand or iron oxide.

If the combustible material of the embedding part ll of the match has acomparatively high gasification temperature, such ashexarnethylenetetramine, it is advisable to separate the parts 2containing the oxygen supplying compound from the part I by a layer 4(Fig. 4) consisting of cooling materials such as metaldehyde. I

By restricting the oxygen supplying compoun cores, which are surroundedby a mantle of a combustible material, the activity of the core can beincreasedfor instance by a very high chlorate content and byactivators-even to such an extent that the core alone, when once ignitedcould be extinguished only with great difliculty by blowing. The gasesproduced by the embedding combustible of low burning velocity and of lowgasirlcation temperature have, however, a suflicient cooling efiect toprocure nevertheless easy extinction of the burning core by blowing.When using such cores it may be desirable to take a combustible mantlewith a tubular hole of a diameter sufiicient to allow the core to slidetherein.

are kneaded with 1.7 parts of acetyl cellulose and suiiicient acetone toform a plastic composition for the production of cores, (diameter of thecores about 15-25mm.) which are embedded by pressing the cores by meansof a compound rod press in a composition of Percent Metaldehyde 87.Celluloid 13 dissolved in acetone to form matches of about 6 mm.diameter. thin protecting cellophane-layer. 2.

Parts Sodium chlorate 55.0 English red 1.7 Glass powder 13.7 Metaldehyde12.8 Anthracene 4.3 Acetyl cel1ulose 12.5

are mixed with acetone to form a mass suitable ror pressing. By the termEnglish red in this patent is meant a dyestufl, containing iron oxide(FezOa) From this composition, the cores of the The match is providedwith a match are made.

The outer mantle of the match is composed of are pressed to form coresof 2.543 mm. thickness and are embedded in a mass of about 6 mm.diameter composed of Per cent Metaldehyde 82 Celluloid 18 4. PartsSodium chlorate 6 Iron oxide 0.4 Fine sand 1.6 Metaldehyde 1'Paraformaldehyde 0.8 Acetyl cellulose 1.1

are mixed with acetone to form a plastic mass. Another plastic mass isthen prepared from acetyl cellulose and a solvent. By means of a triplerod press, rods are pressed, the core of which consists of the firstmixture, the outer mantle of acetyl cellulose, while the zone betweenthe core and the mantle consists of the second mixture set out inExample 3.

5. Parts Potassium chlorate 8 English red 0.5

Acetyl cellulose 1.5

are rendered plastic by the addition of acetone and are pressed by meansof a compound rod pressas described with reference to Example 1, with anembedding mass consisting of Per cent Metaldehyde 87 Celluloid 13 Theabove described matches are pointed at one end in order to enable thecore to slightly protrude.

The matches prepared in accordance with the above examples can be easilyignited on phosphorous rubbing surfaces having for example the What weclaim is: v 1. A repeatedly ignitible match free from deflagratingsubstances and adapted to be extining to the group consisting of thesecond and third guished by blowing and ignited by friction, comprisinga combustible stick, and a friction igniting mass embedded therein as alongitudinal core, said stick having as its combustible ingredient,which combustible ingredient constitutes the greater part of the mass ofthe stick, a solid organic compound of theclass consisting ofnaphthaiene, camphor, camphor-quinone, dimethyloxamide polyoxymethylene,hexamethylenetetramine, and metaldehyde, and said friction-ignit ingmass containing as its ignition-efiecting active part an alkali-halogensalt of the group consisting of alkali chlorate and alkali bromate in aquantity of more than 45%, and further an organic' binding agent forsaid chlorate which retains at least part of its binding capacity at thetemperature of decomposition of said chlorate.

2. A repeatedly ignitible match free from defiagrating substances andadapted to be extinguished by blowing and ignited by friction,

comprising a combustible stick, and a friction igniting mass embeddedtherein as a longitudinal core, said stick having as its combustibleingredient, which combustible ingredient constitutes the greater part ofthe mass of the stick, a solid organic compound of the class consistingof napthalene, camphor, camphor-quinone, di-

methyloxamide, polyoxymethylene, hexamethylenetetramine, andmetaldehyde, and said frictionigniting mass containing as itsignition-eflecting active part an alkali-halogen salt of the groupconsisting of alkali chlorate and alkali bromate in a quantity of morethan 45%, and further an organic binding agent for said chlorate whichretains at least part of its binding capacity at the temperature ofdecomposition of said chlorate, the said igniting mass also containingsubstances for decreasing the rate of burning of said mass and fortending toprevent the formation of a crater. in said match, the saidsubstances being selected from the group consisting of naphthalene,methyloxamide, and metaldehyde.

3. A repeatedly. ignitible match free from deflagrating substances andadapted to be extinguished by blowing and ignited by friction,comprising a combustible stick, and a friction igniting mass embeddedtherein as a longitudinal core, said stick having as its combustibleingredient, which combustible ingredient constitutes the greater part ofthe mass of the stick, a solid organic compound of the class consistingof napthalene, camphor, -camphor-quinone,dimethyloxamide,polyoxymethylene,hexamethylenetetramine, andmetaldehyde, and said friction-igniting mass containing as itsignition-effective active part an alkali-halogen salt of the groupconsisting of alkali chlorate and alkali bromate in a quantity of acrater in the mass, the said substances being.

selected from the group consisting of napthalene, methyloxamide,anthracene and paraformaldehyde, and a binding agent for said chlorateconsisting of acetyl cellulose.

4. A repeatedly ignitible match, as claimed in claim 1, cha acterized inthat the igniting mass contains up to 5% of an oxide of a metalbelonganalytical groups of the periodic table.

5. A repeatedly ignitible match as claimed in claim 1 in which thecombustible stick contains, as an added ingredient serving as a readilycombustible binding agent, a material selected from the group consistingof plasticized nitrocellulose and celluloid.

6. A repeatedly ignitible match free from defiagrating substances andadapted to be extinguished by blowing and ignited by friction,comprising a combustible stick, and a friction igniting mass embeddedtherein as a longitudinal core, said stick having as its combustibleingredient, which combustible ingredient constitutes the greater part ofthe mass of the stick, a. solid organic compound of the class consistingof naphthalene, camphor, camphor-quinone, dimethyloxamide,polyoxymethylene, hexamethylenetetramine, and metaldehyde, and anigniting 15 mass forming a longitudinal core within said cellophanearound the match.

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